Sunday, August 25, 2013

Business Plan Outline

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A Standard Business Plan Outline

by Tim Berry

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About the author: Tim Berry is the founder of Palo Alto Software and Bplans.com. Follow him on Twitter @Timberry or on Follow Tim on Google+. More »

How LivePlan makes your business more successful

LivePlan: Online Business Planning Software

If you're writing a business plan, you're in luck. Online business planning software makes it easier than ever before to put together a business plan for your business.
As you'll see in a moment, LivePlan is more than just business plan software, though. It's a knowledgable guide combined with a professional designer coupled with a financial wizard. It'll help you get over the three most common business hurdles with ease.
Let's take a look at those common hurdles, and see how producing a top-notch business plan sets your business up for success.
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Thursday, July 11, 2013

What is Microfinance?

Microfinance is the provision of financial services such as loans, savings, insurance, and training to people living in poverty. It is one of the great success stories in the developing world in the last 30 years and is widely recognized as a just and sustainable solution in alleviating global poverty.
The industry began by providing small loans to emerging entrepreneurs to start or expand businesses. Opportunity International was one of the first nonprofit organizations to recognize the benefits of providing capital to people struggling to work their way out of poverty. Over the years, with Opportunity leading the way, the micro finance sector has expanded its financial service offerings to better meet client needs. Along with providing more flexible loan products and business and personal development training, Opportunity offers savings and insurance to help clients effectively navigate the daily hardships they face. Without these services, clients are continually at risk of slipping back into poverty because of unforeseen circumstances.
Micro finance organizations make it a priority to serve the particular needs of women, since a staggering 70 percent of all those living in extreme poverty are female. Women are often excluded from education, the workplace, owning property and equal participation in politics. They produce one half of the world’s food, but own just one percent of its farmland. Nearly 85 percent of Opportunity’s loan clients are women. While Opportunity gladly extends loans to men, the organization believes the greatest opportunity for interrupting cycles of extreme poverty come from micro finance programs that target female entrepreneurs. When women improve their circumstances, they also improve the lives of their children. By investing in nutrition and education, they help to create a better future for their children and their communities.
Despite the success of life-transforming micro finance services, the World Bank says that the industry is not close to meeting the demand. Five hundred million people living in poverty could benefit from a small business loan and only one-third of the world’s population has access to any kind of bank account. The lack of access is particularly severe in sub-Saharan Africa where the World Bank estimates that micro finance is reaching only a small percentage of the economically active population. In sub-Saharan Africa’s poorest countries, less than 10 percent of the population has an account with a financial institution. In response, Opportunity has committed to building scalable, sustainable and accessible banks throughout the developing world to provide loans, training, savings and insurance products tailored to the specific needs of each region.
As the micro finance industry continues to mature, there is a danger that it will drift toward a more secure client base. It is critical that micro finance organizations continue to focus on those with the greatest needs–those who have been displaced, those in rural areas, those who traditional institutions consider unbankable–the most marginalized people. Maintaining that focus, micro finance can help create a world in which the underserved have fair access to economic opportunities and the hope to move beyond poverty.
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Sunday, June 9, 2013

អត្រាប្តូរប្រាក់ ថ្ងៃទី៧ មិថុនា ២០១៣

អត្រាប្តូរប្រាក់គោលរវាងរូបិយប័ណ្ណផ្សេងៗជាមួយប្រាក់រៀល

ថ្ងៃទី ០៧ ខែ មិថុនា ឆ្នាំ ២០១៣ អត្រាផ្លូវការ : ៤០៦៥ រៀល / ដុល្លារអារមេរិក

សូមជ្រើសរើសយកថ្ងៃខែឆ្នាំ :

រូបិយប័ណ្ណ	និមិត្តសញ្ញា	ឯកតា	ទិញ	លក់	មធ្យម

ដុល្លារអូស្រ្តាលី	AUD/KHR	1	3,881	3,920	3,900.50

ដុល្លារកាណាដា	CAD/KHR	1	3,955	3,994	3,974.50

ហ្វ្រង់ស្វីស	CHF/KHR	1	4,372	4,416	4,394.00

យ៉ន់ចិននៅហុងកុង	CNH/KHR	1	663	670	666.50

យ៉ន់ចិន	CNY/KHR	1	663	669	666.00

អ៊ឺរ៉ូ	EUR/KHR	1	5,381	5,435	5,408.00

ផោនអង់គ្លេស	GBP/KHR	1	6,339	6,403	6,371.00

ដុល្លារហុងកុង	HKD/KHR	1	524	529	526.50

រ៉ូពីឥណ្ឌូនេស៊ី	IDR/KHR	1,000	411	415	413.00

រ៉ូពីឥណ្ឌា	INR/KHR	100	7,151	7,223	7,187.00

យេនជប៉ុន	JPY/KHR	100	4,178	4,220	4,199.00

វូនកូរ៉េ	KRW/KHR	100	366	369	367.50

គីបឡាវ	LAK/KHR	1,000	547	553	550.00

មីយ៉ាន់ម៉ាក្យាត	MMK/KHR	100	442	447	444.50

រីងហ្គីតម៉ាឡេស៊ី	MYR/KHR	1	1,323	1,336	1,329.50

ដុល្លារញូស៊ីឡែន	NZD/KHR	1	3,250	3,282	3,266.00

ប៉េសូហ្វីលីពីន	PHP/KHR	100	9,660	9,757	9,708.50

អេស ដេ អា	SDR/KHR	1	6,131	6,192	6,161.50

ក្រូណាស៊ុយអែត	SEK/KHR	1	620	627	623.50

ដុល្លារសិង្ហបូរី	SGD/KHR	1	3,273	3,306	3,289.50

បាតថៃ	THB/KHR	1	133	134	133.50

ដុល្លារតៃវ៉ាន់	TWD/KHR	1	136	138	137.00

ដុងវៀតណាម	VND/KHR	1,000	194	196	195.00

អត្រាប្តូរប្រាក់ផ្លូវការ អត្រាប្តូរប្រាក់រូបិយប័ណ្ណផេ្សងៗ

Thursday, May 30, 2013

History Of The Computer

What is a Computer?

In its most basic form a computer is any device which aids humans in performing various kinds of computations or calculations. In that respect the earliest computer was the abacus, used to perform basic arithmetic operations.
Every computer supports some form of input, processing, and output. This is less obvious on a primitive device such as the abacus where input, output and processing are simply the act of moving the pebbles into new positions, seeing the changed positions, and counting. Regardless, this is what computing is all about, in a nutshell. We input information, the computer processes it according to its basic logic or the program currently running, and outputs the results.
Modern computers do this electronically, which enables them to perform a vastly greater number of calculations or computations in less time. Despite the fact that we currently use computers to process images, sound, text and other non-numerical forms of data, all of it depends on nothing more than basic numerical calculations. Graphics, sound etc. are merely abstractions of the numbers being crunched within the machine; in digital computers these are the ones and zeros, representing electrical on and off states, and endless combinations of those. In other words every image, every sound, and every word have a corresponding binary code.
While abacus may have technically been the first computer most people today associate the word “computer” with electronic computers which were invented in the last century, and have evolved into modern computers we know of today.

ENIAC

First Generation Computers (1940s – 1950s)

First electronic computers used vacuum tubes, and they were huge and complex. The first general purpose electronic computer was the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer). It was digital, although it didn’t operate with binary code, and was reprogrammable to solve a complete range of computing problems. It was programmed using plugboards and switches, supporting input from an IBM card reader, and output to an IBM card punch. It took up 167 square meters, weighed 27 tons, and consuming 150 kilowatts of power. It used thousands of vacuum tubes, crystal diodes, relays, resistors, and capacitors.
The first non-general purpose computer was ABC (Atanasoff–Berry Computer), and other similar computers of this era included german Z3, ten British Colossus computers, LEO, Harvard Mark I, and UNIVAC.

IBM 1401

Second Generation Computers (1955 – 1960)

The second generation of computers came about thanks to the invention of the transistor, which then started replacing vacuum tubes in computer design. Transistor computers consumed far less power, produced far less heat, and were much smaller compared to the first generation, albeit still big by today’s standards.
The first transistor computer was created at the University of Manchester in 1953. The most popular of transistor computers was IBM 1401. IBM also created the first disk drive in 1956, the IBM 350 RAMAC.

Third Generation Computers (1960s)

IBM System/360

The invention of the integrated circuits (ICs), also known as microchips, paved the way for computers as we know them today. Making circuits out of single pieces of silicon, which is a semiconductor, allowed them to be much smaller and more practical to produce. This also started the ongoing process of integrating an ever larger number of transistors onto a single microchip. During the sixties microchips started making their way into computers, but the process was gradual, and second generation of computers still held on.
First appeared minicomputers, first of which were still based on non-microchip transistors, and later versions of which were hybrids, being based on both transistors and microchips, such as IBM’s System/360. They were much smaller, and cheaper than first and second generation of computers, also known as mainframes. Minicomputers can be seen as a bridge between mainframes and microcomputers, which came later as the proliferation of microchips in computers grew.

Fourth Generation Computers (1971 – present)

First microchips-based central processing units consisted of multiple microchips for different CPU components. The drive for ever greater integration and miniaturization led towards single-chip CPUs, where all of the necessary CPU components were put onto a single microchip, called a microprocessor. The first single-chip CPU, or a microprocessor, was Intel 4004.
The advent of the microprocessor spawned the evolution of the microcomputers, the kind that would eventually become personal computers that we are familiar with today.

First Generation of Microcomputers (1971 – 1976)

Altair 8800

First microcomputers were a weird bunch. They often came in kits, and many were essentially just boxes with lights and switches, usable only to engineers and hobbyists whom could understand binary code. Some, however, did come with a keyboard and/or a monitor, bearing somewhat more resemblance to modern computers.
It is arguable which of the early microcomputers could be called a first. CTC Datapoint 2200 is one candidate, although it actually didn’t contain a microprocessor (being based on a multi-chip CPU design instead), and wasn’t meant to be a standalone computer, but merely a terminal for the mainframes. The reason some might consider it a first microcomputer is because it could be used as a de-facto standalone computer, it was small enough, and its multi-chip CPU architecture actually became a basis for the x86 architecture later used in IBM PC and its descendants. Plus, it even came with a keyboard and a monitor, an exception in those days.
However, if we are looking for the first microcomputer that came with a proper microprocessor, was meant to be a standalone computer, and didn’t come as a kit then it would be Micral N, which used Intel 8008 microprocessor.
Popular early microcomputers which did come in kits include MOS Technology KIM-1, Altair 8800, and Apple I. Altair 8800 in particular spawned a large following among the hobbyists, and is considered the spark that started the microcomputer revolution, as these hobbyists went on to found companies centered around personal computing, such as Microsoft, and Apple.

Second Generation Microcomputers (1977 – present)

Commodore PET2001 (Image by Tomislav Medak licensed under CC-BY-SA).

As microcomputers continued to evolve they became easier to operate, making them accessible to a larger audience. They typically came with a keyboard and a monitor, or could be easily connected to a TV, and they supported visual representation of text and numbers on the screen.
In other words, lights and switches were replaced by screens and keyboards, and the necessity to understand binary code was diminished as they increasingly came with programs that could be used by issuing more easily understandable commands. Famous early examples of such computers include Commodore PET, Apple II, and in the 80s the IBM PC.
The nature of the underlying electronic components didn’t change between these computers and modern computers we know of today, but what did change was the number of circuits that could be put onto a single microchip. Intel’s co-founder Gordon Moore predicted the doubling of the number of transistor on a single chip every two years, which became known as “Moore’s Law”, and this trend has roughly held for over 30 years thanks to advancing manufacturing processes and microprocessor designs.
The consequence was a predictable exponential increase in processing power that could be put into a smaller package, which had a direct effect on the possible form factors as well as applications of modern computers, which is what most of the forthcoming paradigm shifting innovations in computing were about.

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Macintosh 128k (Image by All About Apple museum licensed under CC-BY-SA-2.5-it)

Possibly the most significant of those shifts was the invention of the graphical user interface, and the mouse as a way of controlling it. Doug Engelbart and his team at the Stanford Research Lab developed the first mouse, and a graphical user interface, demonstrated in 1968. They were just a few years short of the beginning of the personal computer revolution sparked by the Altair 8800 so their idea didn’t take hold.
Instead it was picked up and improved upon by researchers at the Xerox PARC research center, which in 1973 developed Xerox Alto, the first computer with a mouse-driven GUI. It never became a commercial product, however, as Xerox management wasn’t ready to dive into the computer market and didn’t see the potential of what they had early enough.
It took Steve Jobs negotiating a stocks deal with Xerox in exchange for a tour of their research center to finally bring the user friendly graphical user interface, as well as the mouse, to the masses. Steve Jobs was shown what Xerox PARC team had developed, and directed Apple to improve upon it. In 1984 Apple introduced the Macintosh, the first mass-market computer with a graphical user interface and a mouse.
Microsoft later caught on and produced Windows, and the historic competition between the two companies started, resulting in improvements to the graphical user interface to this day.
Meanwhile IBM was dominating the PC market with their IBM PC, and Microsoft was riding on their coat tails by being the one to produce and sell the operating system for the IBM PC known as “DOS” or “Disk Operating System”. Macintosh, with its graphical user interface, was meant to dislodge IBM’s dominance, but Microsoft made this more difficult with their PC-compatible Windows operating system with its own GUI.

Portable Computers

Powerbook 150 (Image by Dana Sibera licensed under CC-BY-SA.)

As it turned out the idea of a laptop-like portable computer existed even before it was possible to create one, and it was developed at Xerox PARC by Alan Kay whom called it the Dynabook and intended it for children. The first portable computer that was created was the Xerox Notetaker, but only 10 were produced.
The first laptop that was commercialized was Osborne 1 in 1981, with a small 5″ CRT monitor and a keyboard that sits inside of the lid when closed. It ran CP/M (the OS that Microsoft bought and based DOS on). Later portable computers included Bondwell 2 released in 1985, also running CP/M, which was among the first with a hinge-mounted LCD display. Compaq Portable was the first IBM PC compatible computer, and it ran MS-DOS, but was less portable than Bondwell 2. Other examples of early portable computers included Epson HX-20, GRiD compass, Dulmont Magnum, Kyotronic 85, Commodore SX-64, IBM PC Convertible, Toshiba T1100, T1000, and T1200 etc.
The first portable computers which resemble modern laptops in features were Apple’s Powerbooks, which first introduced a built-in trackball, and later a trackpad and optional color LCD screens. IBM’s ThinkPad was largely inspired by Powerbook’s design, and the evolution of the two led to laptops and notebook computers as we know them. Powerbooks were eventually replaced by modern MacBook Pro’s.
Of course, much of the evolution of portable computers was enabled by the evolution of microprocessors, LCD displays, battery technology and so on. This evolution ultimately allowed computers even smaller and more portable than laptops, such as PDAs, tablets, and smartphones.

What are some advantages and disadvantages of information system?

Best Answer - Chosen by Voters

Management information systems are used by organizations to track, store, manipulate and distribute information to the appropriate people when necessary. Using a management information system can enable a business to streamline its operations into a cohesive functioning unit. Management information systems support business decision-making by providing management with critical data. They serve to enhance the organization's communication, reduce human labor, support short- and long-term business goals and distribute complex information.

Some of the advantages of information technology include:

Globalization - IT has not only brought the world closer together, but it has allowed the world's economy to become a single interdependent system. This means that we can not only share information quickly and efficiently, but we can also bring down barriers of linguistic and geographic boundaries. The world has developed into a global village due to the help of information technology allowing countries like Chile and Japan who are not only separated by distance but also by language to shares ideas and information with each other.

Communication - With the help of information technology, communication has also become cheaper, quicker, and more efficient. We can now communicate with anyone around the globe by simply text messaging them or sending them an email for an almost instantaneous response. The internet has also opened up face to face direct communication from different parts of the world thanks to the helps of video conferencing.

Cost effectiveness - Information technology has helped to computerize the business process thus streamlining businesses to make them extremely cost effective money making machines. This in turn increases productivity which ultimately gives rise to profits that means better pay and less strenuous working conditions.

Bridging the cultural gap - Information technology has helped to bridge the cultural gap by helping people from different cultures to communicate with one another, and allow for the exchange of views and ideas, thus increasing awareness and reducing prejudice.

More time - IT has made it possible for businesses to be open 24 x7 all over the globe. This means that a business can be open anytime anywhere, making purchases from different countries easier and more convenient. It also means that you can have your goods delivered right to your doorstep with having to move a single muscle.

Creation of new jobs - Probably the best advantage of information technology is the creation of new and interesting jobs. Computer programmers, Systems analyzers, Hardware and Software developers and Web designers are just some of the many new employment opportunities created with the help of IT.

Some disadvantages of information technology include:

Unemployment - While information technology may have streamlined the business process it has also crated job redundancies, downsizing and outsourcing. This means that a lot of lower and middle level jobs have been done away with causing more people to become unemployed.

Privacy - Though information technology may have made communication quicker, easier and more convenient, it has also bought along privacy issues. From cell phone signal interceptions to email hacking, people are now worried about their once private information becoming public knowledge.

Lack of job security - Industry experts believe that the internet has made job security a big issue as since technology keeps on changing with each day. This means that one has to be in a constant learning mode, if he or she wishes for their job to be secure.

Dominant culture - While information technology may have made the world a global village, it has also contributed to one culture dominating another weaker one. For example it is now argued that US influences how most young teenagers all over the world now act, dress and behave. Languages too have become overshadowed, with English becoming the primary mode of communication for business and everything else.

Write 10 advantages and 10 disadvantages of using the internet...?

Best Answer - Chosen by Voters

Advantages:

1) Information on almost every subject imaginable.
2) Powerful search engines
3) Ability to do research from your home versus research libraries.
4) Information at various levels of study. Everything from scholarly articles to ones directed at children.
5) Message boards where people can discuss ideas on any topic. Ability to get wide range of opinions. People can find others that have a similar interest in whatever they are interested in.
6) The internet provides the ability of emails. Free mail service to anyone in the country.
7) Platform for products like SKYPE, which allow for holding a video conference with anyone in the world who also has access.
8) Friendships and love connections have been made over the internet by people involved in love/passion over similar interests.
9) Things such as Yahoo Answers and other sites where kids can have readily available help for homework.
10) News, of all kinds is available almost instantaneously. Commentary, on that news, from every conceivable viewpoint is also available.

Disadvantages:

1) There is a lot of wrong information on the internet. Anyone can post anything, and much of it is garbage.
2) There are predators that hang out on the internet waiting to get unsuspecting people in dangerous situations.
3) Some people are getting addicted to the internet and thus causing problems with their interactions of friends and loved ones.
4) Pornography that can get in the hands of young children too easily.
5) Easy to waste a lot of time on the internet. You can start surfing, and then realize far more time has passed than you realized. Internet and television together of added to the more sedentary lifestyles of people which further exacerbates the obesity problem.
6) Internet has a lot of "cheater" sites. People can buy essays and pass them off as their own far more easily than they used to be able to do.
7) There are a lot of unscrupulous businesses that have sprung up on the internet to take advantage of people.
8) Hackers can create viruses that can get into your personal computer and ruin valuable data.
9) Hackers can use the internet for identity theft.
10) It can be quite depressing to be on the internet and realize just how uneducated so many people have become in today's society.

Internet: Advantages and Disadvantages Of Using It

Internet is really useful and has a lot of advantages, but there are also some disadvantages of using it. Check out this list of advantages and disadvantages of the internet:

ADVANTAGES of the INTERNET:

1. Easy and cheap communication
Communicating with your friends and loved ones has been easy through e-mail and social communication sites like Facebook and MySpace. You don’t have to pay even a single cent just to chat with them because these services are free of charge!
2. Send small or big files with others easily!
If you have to send a file, for example, a video to your friend who’s living in other country, it isn’t practical nowadays to send him a package with the video CD. Instead, you can send him the video from your e-mail, or upload it in YouTube or other video sharing sites.

3. Loads of information
As I have mentioned earlier, internet has a lot of information that is very essential for the students so they don’t have to buy books or go to the library anymore. Search engines like Google and Yahoo! are always available when you need them.
3. Entertainment
Entertainment is one of the most popular reasons why many people prefer to surf the internet. There are a lot of games to play, videos to watch, and etc.
4. Services
Internet is making our life a lot easier by offering different services like online banking, online booking, hotel reservations, online shopping, and many more!
5. Earn money
Aside from entertainment, internet also lets you earn money while at the same time, enjoying what you’re doing! Like me, I’m a blogger and I love what I’m doing, and at the same time, I earn money.
6. Promote your product
Internet is one of the best and cheapest ways to promote your business or product. Starting from 10$, you can already have your own website and start reaching your potential customers. You can also use Multiply or Blogger if you don’t want to spend money for your website.
DISADVANTAGES of INTERNET
1. Virus Threat
Most of the viruses came from the internet so be very careful when visiting or downloading from a site. If you are using Firefox, you can install Web Of Trust add-on so you can get warnings about online scams, sites with adult content, and spam. With this, you can help keep your computer safe from online threats like spyware, aware, and viruses.
2. Theft of Personal Information
If you use the internet, there is a great risk of stealing your personal information such as name, address, credit card no., by those culprits.
3. Spamming
I guess I don’t have to explain this anymore, you’re already familiar with this.
4. PORNOGRAPHY
This is probably the worst disadvantage of the internet especially for the parents who have kids.

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Sunday, August 25, 2013

Business Plan Outline

A Standard Business Plan Outline

Simple Business Plan Outline

1. Executive Summary

2. Company Summary

3. Products and Services

4. Market Analysis Summary

5. Strategy and Implementation Summary

6. Management Summary

7. Financial Plan

Detailed Business Plan Outline

1.0 Executive Summary

2.0 Company Summary

3.0 Products and Services

4.0 Market Analysis Summary

5.0 Strategy and Implementation Summary

6.0 Management Summary

7.0 Financial Plan

8.0 Appendix

Standard Tables and Charts

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Thursday, July 11, 2013

What is Microfinance?

What is Microfinance?

Sunday, June 9, 2013

អត្រាប្តូរប្រាក់ ថ្ងៃទី៧ មិថុនា ២០១៣

Thursday, May 30, 2013

History Of The Computer

What is a Computer?

First Generation Computers (1940s – 1950s)

Second Generation Computers (1955 – 1960)

Third Generation Computers (1960s)

Fourth Generation Computers (1971 – present)

First Generation of Microcomputers (1971 – 1976)

Second Generation Microcomputers (1977 – present)

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Portable Computers

What are some advantages and disadvantages of information system?

Best Answer - Chosen by Voters

Write 10 advantages and 10 disadvantages of using the internet...?

Best Answer - Chosen by Voters

Internet: Advantages and Disadvantages Of Using It

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